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Gene editing in space.Researchers from the Genes in Space program have developed and successfully demonstrated a novel method for studying how cells repair damaged DNA in space. They used CRISPR\/Cas9 genome editing to create controlled damage to DNA strands, before observing the self-repair mechanisms in detail.Their methods are described in PLOS ONE: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0253403<\/a>#sciencenews<\/a> #biology<\/a> #genetics<\/a><\/div>\n \n <\/i>\n journals.plos.org<\/div>\n \n
A CRISPR-based assay for the study of eukaryotic DNA repair onboard the International Space Station<\/div>\n
As we explore beyond Earth, astronauts may be at risk for harmful DNA damage caused by ionizing radiation. Double-strand breaks are a type of DNA damage that can be repaired by two major cellular pathways: non-homologous end joining, during which insertions\u2026<\/div>\n<\/a>\n
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\n 40<\/span> views<\/span>14:55<\/time><\/a><\/span>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n<\/div><\/div>
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AI for mental health.Researchers from the University of Tsukuba have found that AI can be used to detect signs of depression. They used machine learning to predict psychological distress among study participants without the need for subjective data inputs.The process is described in BMJ Open: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-046265<\/a>#sciencenews<\/a> #AI<\/a><\/div>\n \n \n
BMJ Open<\/div>\n <\/i>\n Comparison of predicted psychological distress among workers between artificial intelligence and psychiatrists: a cross-sectional\u2026<\/div>\n
Objectives Psychological distress is a worldwide problem and a serious problem that needs to be addressed in the field of occupational health. This study aimed to use artificial intelligence (AI) to predict psychological distress among workers using sociodemographic\u2026<\/div>\n<\/a>\n
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How Covid-19 affects the blood.Researchers at the Max-Planck-Zentrum f\u00fcr Physik und Medizin showed that Covid-19 significantly changes the size and stiffness of red and white blood cells over periods of months. These results could explain why some people continue to experience symptoms long after the infection.Their work is published in the Biophysical Journal: https:\/\/www.cell.com\/biophysj\/fulltext\/S0006-3495(21)00454-9<\/a>#sciencenews<\/a> #medicine<\/a> #immunology<\/a><\/div>\n\n
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Nanomaterials in the brain.A University of Birmingham team have found that metal-based nanomaterials can cross an in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier as both particles and dissolved ions. The physiochemical properties of the nanomaterials influence their penetration efficiency.The research is reported in PNAS: https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/118\/18\/e2021915118<\/a>#sciencenews<\/a> #biology<\/a><\/div>\n \n \n
PNAS<\/div>\n <\/i>\n Blood\u2013brain barrier opening by intracarotid artery hyperosmolar mannitol induces sterile inflammatory and innate immune responses<\/div>\n
Disruption of the blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB) for drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) is achieved clinically through intracarotid artery hyperosmotic mannitol (ICAHM) infusions. However, ICAHM is often viewed as a simple drug delivery mechanism\u2026<\/div>\n<\/a>\n
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Replacing endoscopy.A study from the University of Houston reports a step forward in diagnosing intestinal diseases, including colorectal cancer, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease using stool proteins. The non-invasive test could lead to the replacement of endoscopy as the diagnostic tool of choice.The study is published in Nature Communications: https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-021-24235-0<\/a>#sciencenews<\/a> #medicine<\/a><\/div>\n \n <\/i>\n Nature<\/div>\n \n
Predicting disease course in ulcerative colitis using stool proteins identified through an aptamer-based screen<\/div>\n
Nature Communications - Stool biomarkers hold promise for monitoring disease activity and predicting clinical course in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) as they originate from the inflamed tissue....<\/div>\n<\/a>\n
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Life on Enceladus?A new study published in Nature Astronomy by scientists at the @University<\/a> of Arizona suggests an unknown methane-producing process is likely at work in the hidden ocean beneath the icy shell of Saturn's moon Enceladus. The unexpected presence of methane could be a sign of life in the depths of the moon.The paper is available at: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1038\/s41550-021-01372-6<\/a> #sciencenews<\/a> #astronomy<\/a><\/div>\n \n \n
Nature Astronomy<\/div>\n \n
Bayesian analysis of Enceladus\u2019s plume data to assess methanogenesis<\/div>\n
Nature Astronomy - What is the origin of the methane detected in Enceladus’s plumes? A Bayesian approach to the problem shows that abiotic serpentinization of rocks cannot explain the...<\/div>\n<\/a>\n
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Breaking down carbon dioxide.A two-dimensional, five-metal alloy developed at Washington University has been shown to be an excellent catalyst for the reduction of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide. The material could be used to help combat the rising levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.The work has recently been published in Advanced Materials: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/adma.202100347<\/a> #sciencenews<\/a> #chemistry<\/a><\/div>\n \n <\/i>\n Wiley Online Library<\/div>\n \n
2D High\u2010Entropy Transition Metal Dichalcogenides for Carbon Dioxide Electrocatalysis<\/div>\n
High-entropy transition metal dichalcogenide alloys containing 4 or 5 transition metals are synthesized based on first-principles stability predictions. The 5-component alloy (MoWVNbTa)S2 is shown to...<\/div>\n<\/a>\n
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Sheer Perfection.A research team at UC Berkeley has developed a nanoparticle composite that grows into 3D crystals. The 3D polymer-grafted nanoparticles could lead to new technologies that are 3D-grown rather than 3D-printed.Their work has been published in Nature Communications: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-021-22950-2<\/a> #sciencenews<\/a> #nanomaterials<\/a><\/div>\n \n <\/i>\n Nature<\/div>\n \n
Crystallization of nanoparticles induced by precipitation of trace polymeric additives<\/div>\n
Nature Communications - Growing nanoparticle crystals typically requires strict control over interparticle interactions and assembly. Here, the authors show that a trace amount of polymeric...<\/div>\n<\/a>\n
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Artificial photosynthesis.University of Nagoya scientists have investigated the effects of doping on surface recombination in strontium titanate to enable the design of efficient catalysts for artificial photosynthetic processes. Photocatalysts with lower surface recombination could help to develop efficient energy sources. The results can be found in the Journal of Physics D: https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6463\/ac073e<\/a>#sciencenews<\/a> #energy<\/a><\/div>\n\n
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Advanced brain imaging.University of Chicago team have developed an advanced X-ray brain imaging method to bridge the gap between MRI and electron microscopy. They imaged an entire mouse brain across five orders of magnitude of length scales, allowing analysis to bridge from the micro to the macro level.Their insights are published in NeuroImage: https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1053811921005279?via%3Dihub<\/a>#sciencenews<\/a> #imaging<\/a><\/div>\n \n <\/i>\n Sciencedirect<\/div>\n \n
Multi-modal imaging of a single mouse brain over five orders of magnitude of resolution<\/div>\n
Mammalian neurons operate at length scales spanning six orders of magnitude; they project millimeters to centimeters across brain regions, are compose\u2026<\/div>\n<\/a>\n
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Kidney treatments.Medics in Indiana University School of Medicine have investigated alternative ways to treat kidney infections, knowing that antibiotic resistance is an increasing problem. They examined methods to trigger the kidneys\u2019 own internal processes to fight the infections.Their findings are published in the Nature Communications: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-021-22672-5<\/a> #sciencenews<\/a> #medicine<\/a><\/div>\n \n <\/i>\n Nature<\/div>\n \n
Kidney intercalated cells are phagocytic and acidify internalized uropathogenic Escherichia coli<\/div>\n
Nature Communications - Kidney intercalated cells are involved in acid-base homeostasis in the kidneys. Here, the authors use single cell transcriptomics and find that interalated cells exhibit a...<\/div>\n<\/a>\n
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Stretching graphene.A team of researchers at the Universit\u00e4t Basel have demonstrated the controllable modification of the electronic properties of graphene during stretching processes. The results could lead to the design of new electronic components using the wonder material.The mechanisms are explained in Communications Physics: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1038\/s42005-021-00651-y<\/a>#sciencenews<\/a> #graphene<\/a> #physics<\/a><\/div>\n \n <\/i>\n Nature<\/div>\n \n
Global strain-induced scalar potential in graphene devices<\/div>\n
Communications Physics - The electrical and optical properties of a material depend strongly on the details of its crystal structure. Here, the authors report a technique to mechanically deform the...<\/div>\n<\/a>\n
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Beetle microstructures.The interplay between mechanical and optical performance in beetle exoskeletons has been probed by researchers at Virginia Tech. They discovered that the structures providing mechanical support are also contributors to the optical properties such as colour. Their results can be viewed in PNAS: https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/118\/25\/e2101017118<\/a>#sciencenew<\/a> #physics<\/a><\/div>\n \n \n
PNAS<\/div>\n <\/i>\n Microstructural design for mechanical\u2013optical multifunctionality in the exoskeleton of the flower beetle Torynorrhina flammea<\/div>\n
In the design of multifunctional materials, harnessing structural and compositional synergies while avoiding unnecessary trade-offs is critical in achieving high performance of all required functions. Biological material systems like the cuticles of many\u2026<\/div>\n<\/a>\n
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Two-photon gates.Researchers at University of Washington have developed a deterministic, high-fidelity two-bit quantum logic gate that takes advantage of a new form of light. This new logic gate is orders of magnitude more efficient than the current technology.Their advance is recorded in Physical Review A: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevA.103.052610<\/a>#sciencenews<\/a> #physics<\/a><\/div>\n \n \n
Physical Review A<\/div>\n \n
Two-photon controlled-phase gates enabled by photonic dimers<\/div>\n
Photons are appealing as flying quantum bits due to their low-noise, long coherence times, light-speed transmission, and ease of manipulation at the single-qubit level using standard optical components such as beam splitters and waveguides. The challenge\u2026<\/div>\n<\/a>\n
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Seabirds depleting fish.University of Exeter research shows that the seabird colony on Ascension Island creates a halo in which fewer fish are found. Reduced numbers of flying fish were found up to 90 miles from the island. The study provides insights into how large colonies of animals are naturally limited in number.Their insights can be read in PNAS: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2101325118<\/a>#sciencenews<\/a> #biology<\/a><\/div>\n \n \n
PNAS<\/div>\n <\/i>\n Direct evidence of a prey depletion \u201chalo\u201d surrounding a pelagic predator colony<\/div>\n
Elucidating the mechanisms that regulate animal populations is a fundamental goal in ecology and is increasingly important at a time of unprecedented anthropogenic disturbance to ecosystems. Here, we present direct evidence of a phenomenon known as \u201cAshmole\u2019s\u2026<\/div>\n<\/a>\n
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Shrinking dinosaurs.Paleontologists at the University of Bristol have explained how changes in the diet of dinosaurs lead to a rapid shrinking of their sizes. The dietary changes were likely caused by a changing environment and competitive pressure for resources.Their theories are described in Current Bbiology: https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0960982221008083<\/a>#sciencenews<\/a> #biology<\/a><\/div>\n \n <\/i>\n Sciencedirect<\/div>\n \n
Growth and miniaturization among alvarezsauroid dinosaurs<\/div>\n
Sustained miniaturization, here defined as a drop in body size of at least two orders of magnitude from ancestors to descendants, is a widespread and \u2026<\/div>\n<\/a>\n
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A new quasiparticle.National University of Science and Technology MISIS scientists have experimentally shown the existence of a new type of quasiparticle, formed of the excitations of coupled photon pairs in qubit chains. Their discovery confirms previous theoretical predictions. Their results are described in Physical Review B: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevB.103.224520<\/a>#sciencenews<\/a> #physics<\/a><\/div>\n \n <\/i>\n Physical Review B<\/div>\n \n
Topological excitations and bound photon pairs in a superconducting quantum metamaterial<\/div>\n
Topological photonics enables resilient routing and localization of light. Of special interest are topological states of quantum light promising disorder-robust quantum correlations. Here, the authors design and fabricate a one-dimensional dimerized array\u2026<\/div>\n<\/a>\n
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Artificial organelles. Organelles are components of cells that individually perform complex biochemical reactions. Researchers at the \uae30\ucd08\uacfc\ud559\uc5f0\uad6c\uc6d0(IBS, Institute for Basic Science) have constructed artificial organelles that could supply ATP or other useful molecules to damaged or diseased tissue cells.The work is reported in Nature Catalysis: https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41929-021-00669-z<\/a>#sciencenews<\/a> #biology<\/a><\/div>\n \n \n
Nature<\/div>\n <\/i>\n Programmed exosome fusion for energy generation in living cells<\/div>\n
Nature Catalysis - The design of artificial organelles for applications in living cells faces several challenges such as cellular uptake, stability and biocompatibility. Now, fusion of exosomes...<\/div>\n<\/a>\n
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Molecular mechanisms in brain diseases.Regulation of cellular proteins is crucial for maintaining a healthy brain. Rutgers University scientists have developed insights into how toxic proteins are regulated in neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s diseases, which could help to design effective treatments in future.The report has been published in PNAS: https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/118\/36\/e2101410118\/tab-article-info<\/a> #sciencenews<\/a> #neuroscience<\/a> #molecularbiology<\/a> #biology<\/a><\/div>\n \n \n
PNAS<\/div>\n <\/i>\n Stress increases in exopher-mediated neuronal extrusion require lipid biosynthesis, FGF, and EGF RAS\/MAPK signaling<\/div>\n
In neurodegenerative disease, protein aggregates spread to neighboring cells to promote pathology. The in vivo regulation of toxic material transfer remains poorly understood, although mechanistic understanding should reveal previously unrecognized therapeutic\u2026<\/div>\n<\/a>\n
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Sparkling cluster galaxy.The Hubble Space Telescope\u2019s Wide Field Camera 3 and the Advanced Camera for Surveys have been used to capture an image of the NGC 6717 galaxy. Located 20,000 light-years from Earth in the constellation Sagittarius, NGC 6717 is a spherical grouping of stars held together by gravity.The image can be seen at: https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/image-feature\/goddard\/2021\/hubble-captures-a-sparkling-cluster<\/a> #sciencenews<\/a> #astronomy<\/a><\/div>\n \n \n
NASA<\/div>\n <\/i>\n Hubble Captures a Sparkling Cluster<\/div>\n
This star-studded image from the NASA\/ESA Hubble Space Telescope depicts NGC 6717, which lies more than 20,000 light-years from Earth in the constellation Sagittarius.<\/div>\n<\/a>\n
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